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                <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-312277">
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                  <span class="bbp-reply-post-date">
                   2010年12月15日 下午11:07
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                   回复：
                   <a class="bbp-topic-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/103182/">
                    如何用spss实现：用pearson相关系数矩阵进行因素分析
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                  <a class="bbp-reply-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/103182/#post-312277">
                   6 楼
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                  <p>
                   Oh, I see. 我给的回答是分析原始数据的，5楼的回答也许才是楼主想要的。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   混次一生的qq：562628260
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                <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-312237">
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                   2010年12月14日 下午6:48
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                   回复：
                   <a class="bbp-topic-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/103182/">
                    如何用spss实现：用pearson相关系数矩阵进行因素分析
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                   3 楼
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                  <p>
                   同时，你还提到了cluster analysis，这两个方法看起来相似，实际上还是有很大区别的，尤其是这两个分析的 purpose 是不尽相同的，所以这两个方式是不可以互换的，要根据研究者的目的而定。 还有不知道你要做 cluster analysis of cases 还是 cluster analysis of variables： 一下是一些 SPSS 步骤， have fun：
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   SPSS – Cluster Analysis of Cases – Hierarchical
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Analyze  Classify  Hierarchical Cluster
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Variables of interest  Variable(s) box
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Cluster  Click Cases
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Display  Click the Statistics and Plots boxes
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Statistics  Click the Agglomeration Schedule box
                   <br/>
                    Click Cluster Membership  Range of Solutions (2 to ?)
                   <br/>
                    Click Continue
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Plots  DO NOT Click Dendrogram
                   <br/>
                    Icicle
                   <br/>
                    Click Specified Range of Clusters (1 to 8)
                   <br/>
                    Orientation Click Horizontal
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Method  Cluster Method  Ward’s Method
                   <br/>
                    Measure  Interval  Squared Euclidean Distance or
                   <br/>
                   Euclidean Distance
                   <br/>
                    Click Continue
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Save  Cluster Membership  Single Solution (?)
                   <br/>
                    Click Continue
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click OK
                   <br/>
                   ——————————————————————
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   SPSS – Cluster Analysis of Cases – Two Step
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Analyze  Classify  TwoStep Cluster
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Variables of interest  Categorical go to the Categorical Variables box
                   <br/>
                    Others go to the Continuous Variables box
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Distance Measure  Click Euclidean
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Number of Clusters (Use 1 of the 2; Determined Automatically or Fixed)
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Determine Automatically  Set Maximum number of clusters to be considered
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   This activates the Clustering Criterion Box  Use either
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Fixed  Set the specific number of clusters that you wish to consider
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Note: Fixed is similar in concept to the Hierarchical Method
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Options  Standardization of Continuous Variables
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Do we wish you have your variables standardized or not
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Plots
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click Within Cluster Percentage Chart
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click Cluster Pie Chart
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Variable Importance Chart
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click by Cluster in Rank Variables
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click Significance in Importance Measure
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Output
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click Descriptives by Cluster
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click Cluster Frequencies
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click Information Criterion (AIC or BIC)
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   SPSS – Cluster Analysis of Cases  K-Means
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Analyze  Classify  K-Means Cluster
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Variables of interest  Variables box
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Number of Clusters  Some number must be specified
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Method  Click Iterate and Classify
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Options  Click off Initial Cluster Centers
                   <br/>
                    Click ANOVA Table
                   <br/>
                    Click Cluster information for each case
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Centers  Click Read initial from
                   <br/>
                    specify the file that has the seed centers (i by j)
                   <br/>
                   i rows (one for each proposed cluster)
                   <br/>
                   j columns (one for each variable)
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click OK
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   SPSS – Cluster Analysis of Variables
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Analyze  Classify  Hierarchical Cluster
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Variables of interest  Variable(s) box
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Cluster  Click Variables
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Display  Click the Statistics and Plots boxes
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Statistics  Click the Agglomeration Schedule box
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    Click Cluster Membership  Range of Solutions (2 to ?)
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    Click Continue
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Plots  DO NOT Click Dendrogram
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    Icicle
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    Click Specified Range of Clusters (1 to 8)
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    Orientation Click Horizontal
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Method  Cluster Method  Centroid Clustering
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    Measure  Interval  Pearson Correlation
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    Transform Measures  Absolute Values    [optional]
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    Click Continue
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click OK
                  </p>
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                   2010年12月14日 下午6:44
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                   回复：
                   <a class="bbp-topic-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/103182/">
                    如何用spss实现：用pearson相关系数矩阵进行因素分析
                   </a>
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                   2 楼
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                   混此一生
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                  <p>
                   如果你想做 factor analysis, 可以按一下步骤：
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Analyze -&gt; Data Reduction -&gt; Factor
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Variables of interest -&gt; Variable(s) box
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Descriptives -&gt; In the Correlation box click KMO and Barlett’s Test of Sphericity
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    -&gt; In the Correlation box click Reproduced
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Extraction -&gt; In the Method window click Generalized Least Squares
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   In the Extract box, click Number of Factors and specify the number
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Rotation -&gt; Click the Varimax
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Click OK
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   注意，factor analysis, 不一定会有结果，如果运行没有结果，可以看一线 KMO 值，如果这个值比较大，可以用Principle analysis 来模拟 factor analysis
                  </p>
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                <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-305522">
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                   2010年6月9日 下午11:40
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                   回复：
                   <a class="bbp-topic-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/15787/">
                    怎样比较两个不同总体样本的变异程度？
                   </a>
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                  <a class="bbp-reply-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/15787/#post-305522">
                   8 楼
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                  <p>
                   既然这样，你可以试着推导一下两个变异系数的“比值”或“差值”，如果能推得这个值的分布，就可以进行假设检验或者计算confidence interval等等。好像应该可以推出来。。。
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                <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-305520">
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                   2010年6月9日 下午11:34
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                   回复：
                   <a class="bbp-topic-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/101918/">
                    关于非线性回归
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                  <a class="bbp-reply-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/101918/#post-305520">
                   2 楼
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                  <p>
                   Glm 是广义线性回归，而非非线性回归。所以你要是做logistic regression， poisson regression 或negative binomial regression…的话要用glm。非线性回归在R中要用nls,很简单的,试试看。
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                   2010年5月14日 上午3:28
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                   回复：
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                    R会议文化衫最终方案！（6.5号更新）
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                  <p>
                   背面正中：
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   [attachment=204484,250]
                  </p>
                 </div>
                 <!-- .bbp-reply-content -->
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                <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-304483">
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                   2010年5月14日 上午3:25
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                   回复：
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                    R会议文化衫最终方案！（6.5号更新）
                   </a>
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                  <p>
                   正面右上角（面对时）：
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   [attachment=204483,249]
                  </p>
                 </div>
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                <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-304482">
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                   2010年5月14日 上午2:59
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                    R会议文化衫最终方案！（6.5号更新）
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                  <p>
                   设计理念:
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   1. 因为是R会议， 所以“R”的选择一定要纯正！！！所以个人以为“R”的字样只有两个选择，一是R主页的“R”，另一就是R桌面图标
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   2. 我们使用R，喜欢R，是因为R的强大，所以我们的正面就是“The Power of R”
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   3. 我们聚到一起是对R的热爱和执著，所以我们的背面就是“We Use R，We love R”
                  </p>
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                   2010年1月9日 下午11:32
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                   S.O.B
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                   2009年6月6日 下午11:29
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                    奧克蘭大學ROSS IHAKA的R跟LaTeX教學課程網頁
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                  <p>
                   发一个有关 UoA  的帖子，并不能说明楼主就是 UoA 撒！！！
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                   2009年5月31日 下午7:47
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                    对电脑笑了二十分钟的帖子
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                   2009年5月31日 上午4:17
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                    统计学高手，这样数据如何分析统计。
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                  <p>
                   想补充的是：
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   6. 楼主在这里放了一空盆，问题是为什么要放一空盆呢？如果是必要的那就要想想该怎么处理这个 Missing value ？
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   7. ANOVA 的假设除了 error 要正态分布外，更重要的是 equal variance, 不知楼主检验了没有
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   回2楼：
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   你可以 try 一下下面的SAS code
                   <br/>
                   proc
                   <br/>
                   mixed data=;
                   <br/>
                   class factor A subj_id;
                   <br/>
                   model / solution;
                   <br/>
                   repeated / subject = subj_id type=un r rcorr;
                   <br/>
                   run;quit;
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   or
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   proc
                   <br/>
                   mixed data=;
                   <br/>
                   class factor A subj_id;
                   <br/>
                   model / solution;
                   <br/>
                   repeated / subject = subj_id type=cs r rcorr;
                   <br/>
                   run;quit;
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   SAS code 是比较简单，楼主可以参考 SAS help， 不过重要的是如何分析
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   继续关注中。。。。。。
                  </p>
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                <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-271486">
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                   2009年5月29日 下午11:05
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                   回复：
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                    统计学高手，这样数据如何分析统计。
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                  <p>
                   Well this is a very interesting experiment. I'd love to work on it and try to find something interesting. But first of all I would like to point out:
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   1. 个人感觉，存在飞虱影响的可能性应该是有的。在进行统计分析之前，我建议楼主仔细考虑一下这个实验设计本身有没有什么漏洞，在实验进行过程中有没有记录发生过什么事情？有没有更好的实验设计？
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   2. Anyway， 就这个实验设计来说，有一个Factor, 而且这个Factor 有 5 个 level， 所以楼主用了 One-way ANOVA。我的问题是 response variable 是不是百株产卵量？ 如果这样的话 株数 会不会也有影响呢？
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   3. 楼主在每个cell 里面放了3 盆水稻，这个叫 subject ， 应该被看作random，所以应该考虑 random effects， 也就是说 简单的One-way ANOVA 不再是一个合适的选择，应该考虑用Mixed Model。 同时，楼主也说了“作4行4列随机排列在一起”，这个“随机”很重要， How do you deal with this RANDOM?
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   4. 楼主又说了 “10天后查卵”，这样呢问题就是： 就有了一个时间上的问题，是不是应该考虑 winthin subject？ 还有一个问题就是 10 天应该是一个不短的概念，个人感觉这个间隔会不会有点长？
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   5. 暂时先说这么多，如果楼主还在继续这个实验，我们可以进一步讨论。EMAIL:
                   <a href="mailto:ytcao2008@gmail.com" rel="nofollow">
                    ytcao2008@gmail.com
                   </a>
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   Have fun
                  </p>
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                <div class="bbp-reply-header" id="post-271256">
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                   2009年5月23日 下午9:21
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                   回复：
                   <a class="bbp-topic-permalink" href="http://cos.name/cn/topic/15226/">
                    灌水，画个无聊的图
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                   11 楼
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                   不错，不错，这下好多了， 娃哈哈哈哈哈哈
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                   2009年5月23日 下午9:15
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                   回复：
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                    How to perform ANCOVA properly?
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                   1. 关于第一步，关于Y 可以考虑两方面，（1） 如果你的样本足够大的话 比如 n&gt;=30，那么根据 Central Limit Theorem， 我们可以直接应用Y。（2）如果样本数很小，则可以考虑 transformation. 然后应用的数据 tranform。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   2. 第二步，第三步，没什么问题，最好run full model 和 reduced model 然后用 F test
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   3. 如果用 SAS GLM 还要注意你的data 有没有 missing value 或者 single value. 在这一步你可以检验 if there is an interaction effects between the two main factors. If yes then you would like to design and perform Tukey multiple comparison.
                   <br/>
                   if there is no interaction effects, then turn to test the main effects. According to your results you can drop one main factor or create a megafactor to run a one way ANOVA.
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   4. 不过最重要的还是要看你的 experiments 是如何design 的， 如果有random 你最好用 sas proc mixed。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                   5. 你说的 “但是我看到很多资料中是先建立ancova model, 再检查residual 的正态性。”这一步是无论如何都要做的，这是在检验你的model。 一定要做。
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